Boron and boron compounds — properties & hazards overview

Name: Boron (elemental and compounds) Symbol: B CAS: 7440-42-8 (elemental) UN: — (non-flammable solid)
NOTE — Elemental boron is largely inert, but boron oxides and borates can be irritant and environmentally hazardous. Fine powders may form combustible dust clouds. Use dust suppression and alkaline scrubbing for vapour or mist removal.
Melting point
2076 °C
Boiling point
3927 °C
Solubility
Insoluble (elemental); borates soluble
Dust explosivity
Possible (fine powder)
Toxicity
low–moderate
Flammability
dust only
Chronic risk
reproductive (borates)
Environmental
aquatic toxicity
PropertyValue / Note
FormDark amorphous or crystalline solid; fine powders are reactive
Molar mass10.81 g/mol
Density2.34 g/cm³
ReactivityStable; reacts with oxidisers at high temperatures forming boron oxides
Common compoundsBoron trioxide (B₂O₃), boric acid (H₃BO₃), borates (Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O)
Water solubilityBorates moderately soluble; boric acid 47 g/L @ 20 °C
Typical usesGlass, ceramics, detergents, flame retardants, semiconductor industry

*Values are indicative; verify via SDS and current process data.

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